Primary Antibody Matched Pairs
Biotium S100A9(S100A9/1075), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb stains the cytoplasm of macrophages and histiocytes in hematopoietic organs, Kupffer's cells of the liver and Langerhan's cells of the skin. It also stains the mantle zone B-lymphocytes of the lymph node and spleen, spermatogonia, and chief cells of the stomach. S100A9 is expressed by macrophages in acutely inflamed tissues and in chronic inflammation. It is detected in peripheral blood leukocytes, in neutrophils and granulocytes. It is present at sites of vascular inflammation. S100A9 is also expressed in epithelial cells constitutively or induced during dermatoses. S100A9 is a Calcium-binding protein. It has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi. It is important for resistance to invasion by pathogenic bacteria. It up-regulates transcription of genes that are under the control of NF-kappa-B. S100A9 plays a role in the development of endotoxic shock in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It promotes tubulin polymerization when unphosphorylate
ABclonal Technology UGT1A9 Rabbit pAb
This gene encodes a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway that transforms small lipophilic molecules, such as steroids, bilirubin, hormones, and drugs, into water-soluble, excretable metabolites. This gene is part of a complex locus that encodes several UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. The locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5 exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter. The enzyme encoded by this gene is active on phenols.
ABclonal Technology CYP27A1 Rabbit mAb
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol steroids and other lipids This mitochondrial protein oxidizes cholesterol intermediates as part of the bile synthesis pathway Since the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids is the major route for removing cholesterol from the body this protein is important for overall cholesterol homeostasis Mutations in this gene cause cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disease
ABclonal Technology GPN1 Rabbit pAb
This gene encodes a guanosine triphosphatase enzyme. The encoded protein may play a role in DNA repair and may function in activation of transcription. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.
ABclonal Technology Phospho-AKT2 specific-S474 Rabbit pAb
This gene is a putative oncogene encoding a protein belonging to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases containing SH2-like (Src homology 2-like) domains, which is involved in signaling pathways. The gene serves as an oncogene in the tumorigenesis of cancer cells For example, its overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of a subset of human ductal pancreatic cancers. The encoded protein is a general protein kinase capable of phophorylating several known proteins, and has also been implicated in insulin signaling.
Biotium Granzyme B (NK/T-Cell Lymphoma Marker)(GZMB/3056), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Granzyme B is a member of the granule serine protease family stored specifically in NK cells or cytotoxic T cells. Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. Granzyme B is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell apoptosis by CTLs in the cell-mediated immune response. Granzyme B is useful as a marker in the identification of NK/T-cell lymphomas. High percentages of cytotoxic T-cells have been shown to be an unfavorable prognostic indicator in Hodgkin's Disease. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommende
Biotium MMP3 (Marker of Metastasis and Rheumatoid Arthritis)(MMP3/2806), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of peptidase enzymes responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix components, including collagen, gelatin, fibronectin, laminin and proteoglycan. Transcription of MMP genes is differentially activated by phorbol ester, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). MMP catalysis requires both calcium and zinc. MMP-3, MMP-10 and MMP-11 (also designated stromelysin-1, 2 and 3, respectively) activate procollagenase. MMP-3 activation of procollagenase can occur via two pathways. Direct activation by MMP-3 is slow and activation by MMP-3 in conjunction with tissue or plasma proteinases is rapid. MMP-10 is expressed in small intestine, and at lower levels in lung and heart. MMP-11 is specifically expressed in stromal cells of breast carcinomas and contributes to epithelial cell malignancies. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes of
Biotium CD56 / NCAM1 / NKH1 (Neuronal Cell Marker) (NCAM1/1496), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts with an extracellular domain (close to transmembrane) of CD56/NCAM. Three isoforms of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) are produced by differential splicing of the RNA transcript from a single gene. The 135 kDa isoform is the basic molecule, which is glycosylated or sialylated to produce the mature species. Anti-CD56 recognizes two proteins of the neural cell adhesion molecule, the basic molecule expressed on most neuroectodermally derived tissues and neoplasms (e.g. retinoblastoma, medulloblastomas, astrocytomas, neuroblastomas, and small cell carcinomas). It is also expressed on some mesodermally derived tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma). Anti-CD56 plays an important role in the diagnosis of nodal and nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not
Biotium Perforin-1 (Pore Forming Protein) (Apoptosis Marker)(PRF1/2470), CF594 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Perforin is a pore-forming protein that leads to osmotic lysis of the target cells and subsequently enables granzymes to enter the target cells and activate apoptosis. Perforin has structural and functional similarities to complement component 9 (C9). Like C9, this protein creates transmembrane tubules and is capable of lysing non-specifically a variety of target cells. It is one of the main cytolytic proteins of cytolytic granules, and is known to be a key effector molecule for T-cell- and natural killer-cell-mediated cytolysis. Defects in this gene cause familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 (HPLH2), a rare and lethal autosomal recessive disorder of early childhood. The expression of perforin is reportedly upregulated in activated CD8 T-cells, natural killer cells and some CD4 T-cells. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjug
Biotium CD79b (B-Cell Marker)(IGB/1843), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD79 (also designated Ig chains, designated CD79B or B29. The B cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) is formed by the association of CD79 with a membrane immunoglobulin, such as IgM or IgD. The membrane immunoglobulins IgM and IgD achieve surface expression and antigen presentation function in response to CD79 association. The cytoplasmic tails of both CD79A and CD79B contain an ITAM (immuno-receptor tyrosine-based activation) motif, which acts to initiate the BCR signaling reactions by binding to and activating tyrosine kinases. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium GAD2 / GAD65 (GABAergic Neuronal Marker) (GAD2/1960), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 65 kDa, which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase 2 (GDA2). It is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. There are two forms of glutamic acid decarboxylases (GAD s) that are found in the brain: GAD2 (also known as GAD65) and GAD1 (also known as GAD67). GAD1 and GAD2 are members of the group II decarboxylase family of proteins and are responsible for catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the production of GABA (ÃŽ³-aminobutyric acid) from L-glutamic acid. Although both GAD s are found in the brain, GAD2 localizes to synaptic vesicle membranes in nerve terminals, while GAD1 is distributed throughout the cell. A pathogenic role for GAD2 is identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantibody and an auto-reactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other label
Biotium Human Kappa Light Chain (B-Cell Marker) (IGKC/1999R), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb is specific to kappa light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the kappa light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give h
Biotium Thymidylate Synthase (5-FU Resistance Marker) (TYMS/1884), 0.2mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 36 kDa, identified as Thymidylate Synthase (TS) (EC 2.1.1.45). It converts deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), which is essential for DNA biosynthesis. TS is also a critical target for the fluoropyrimidines, an important group of antineoplastic drugs that are widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. Both 5-FU and fluorodeoxyuridine are converted in tumor cells to FdUMP which inactivates TS by formation of a ternary covalent complex in the presence of the folate cofactor 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate. Expression of TS protein has been reported to associate with response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human colorectal, gastric, head and neck, and breast carcinomas.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not r
Biotium Annexin A1 / (Hairy Cell Leukemia Marker)(ANXA1/1672), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Annexin A1 belongs to the annexin family. It plays a role in glucocorticoid-mediated down-regulation of the early phase of the inflammatory response. In resting conditions Annexin A1 is localized to the cytoplasm. Upon activation it is mobilized to the membrane and secreted. Annexin A1 and contains 4 annexin repeats. A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and a phospholipid. Expression of the ANXA1 gene is upregulated in hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Detection of ANXA1 provides a simple, highly sensitive and specific assay for diagnosing HCL. Annexin A1 has also been found to be protective against DNA damage induced by heat in breast cancer cells, suggesting it is involved in tumor suppressive and protective activities, and also is associated with treatment resistance. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue
Biotium Annexin A1 / (Hairy Cell Leukemia Marker)(ANXA1/1672), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Annexin A1 belongs to the annexin family. It plays a role in glucocorticoid-mediated down-regulation of the early phase of the inflammatory response. In resting conditions Annexin A1 is localized to the cytoplasm. Upon activation it is mobilized to the membrane and secreted. Annexin A1 and contains 4 annexin repeats. A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and a phospholipid. Expression of the ANXA1 gene is upregulated in hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Detection of ANXA1 provides a simple, highly sensitive and specific assay for diagnosing HCL. Annexin A1 has also been found to be protective against DNA damage induced by heat in breast cancer cells, suggesting it is involved in tumor suppressive and protective activities, and also is associated with treatment resistance. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue